How does weather affect air quality? A guide for residents to protect themselves from air pollution in autumn and winter →

As the autumn breeze brings coolness and winter approaches, the air pollution situation also changes quietly.

As temperatures drop and heating demand increases, the atmospheric environment changes, making it easier for pollutants to accumulate in the air.

Characteristics of air pollution in autumn and winter

01. Changes in weather conditions

At the turn of autumn and winter, cold fronts frequently strike, but calm weather also often occurs. It is as if the atmosphere has pressed the pause button, the wind speed has weakened, the air no longer flows, and pollutants have nowhere to escape, so they can only accumulate near the ground, causing a significant decline in air quality .

In addition, an inversion layer is easily formed during this season, where the temperature in the upper air is higher than that on the ground. This is like putting a huge "lid" on the city, preventing pollutants from spreading upward and trapping them near the surface, exacerbating air pollution .

02. Increased pollution caused by heating

As the temperature drops further, the northern region begins to enter the heating period. Traditional coal-fired heating releases a large amount of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter . Under unfavorable meteorological conditions, these pollutants cause PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations to rise sharply, and smog weather occurs frequently.

03. Impact of agricultural activities

Autumn is a harvest season, but some areas still burn straw. The burning of biomass releases a large amount of particulate matter and harmful gases , further deteriorating the air quality.

Protective measures for residents

01. Pay attention to air quality information

Real-time monitoring of air quality: Obtain the local air quality index (AQI) in a timely manner through mobile phone applications or the official website of the environmental protection department.

Pay attention to pollution warnings: When encountering heavy pollution weather warnings, try to reduce going out, especially the elderly, children and patients with respiratory diseases.

02. Reduce outdoor activities when necessary

Avoid going out during high pollution periods: Pollutant concentrations are usually higher in the morning and evening, so try to avoid outdoor activities during these times.

Shorten the time you stay outdoors: If you need to go out, try to minimize your stay outdoors to reduce the chance of exposure to polluted environments.

03. Personal protection

Wear a protective mask: Choose a protective mask that meets the standards (such as an N95 mask) to effectively filter fine particles in the air.

Pay attention to personal hygiene: wash your face and exposed skin immediately after returning home to reduce residual pollutants.

04. Improve the indoor environment

Use air purifier: Install air purification equipment indoors to improve indoor air quality.

Keep your home clean: Vacuum regularly to reduce the accumulation of dust and allergens.

Ventilate at the right time: During periods of good air quality, open windows to allow fresh air to circulate.

05. Health Management

Strengthen your body: Improve your immunity through a balanced diet and proper exercise.

Regular physical examinations: Pay attention to your own health and seek medical attention promptly if you have respiratory discomfort.

Psychological adjustment: Air pollution may affect your mood. Stay positive and optimistic and seek psychological support when necessary.

Air pollution in autumn and winter is a complex environmental challenge that requires joint response from the government, society and individuals. Understanding the characteristics of pollution changes and taking active protective measures can effectively reduce health risks and protect our respiratory health .