What are blood diseases?

Blood health is very important to people. Once some diseases appear in the blood, the impact on health is very great. There are many common blood diseases, the most common of which are anemia, white blood cell diseases, and hemorrhagic diseases. Diseases of the hematopoietic system are also more serious. When similar blood diseases occur, they must be treated in time, especially some more serious diseases. Early detection and early treatment can avoid greater harm.

What are blood diseases?

Blood diseases are generally divided into four categories: anemia, white blood cell diseases, hemorrhagic diseases and malignant tumors of the hematopoietic system.

Anemia

Anemia is not an independent disease, but a symptom. Can occur in a variety of diseases. When the amount of hemoglobin (Hb), the number of red blood cells and the hematocrit per unit volume of circulating blood are lower than normal, it is also called anemia. The pathology of anemia is due to decreased red blood cell production and excessive red blood cell destruction. The causes are red blood cell regeneration disorder, renal insufficiency, endocrine dysfunction, chronic infection, malignant tumors, bone marrow diseases, iron deficiency, VB12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency and blood loss. Common anemias include iron deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, acute hemorrhagic anemia, thalassemia, hemolytic anemia, etc.

White blood cell disorders

That is, neutrophils, eosinophils, alkaliphils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and macrophages become diseased. Common diseases include neutropenia or neutropenia, abnormal neutrophil morphology and function, eosinophilia or alkaliphilia, monocytopenia or monocytosis, immunodeficiency, myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome, leukemia, malignant lymphoma, etc.

Bleeding disorders

It is a disease characterized by spontaneous or mildly injured bleeding caused by genetic or secondary disorders of the coagulation mechanism. There are many types of bleeding diseases, which can be divided into five categories according to their development principles: bleeding diseases caused by vascular factors, bleeding diseases caused by platelet factors, bleeding diseases caused by abnormal coagulation factors, bleeding diseases caused by anticoagulation processes, and bleeding diseases caused by complex factors. Common diseases include: idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, allergic purpura, hemophilia and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Hematopoietic malignancies

Including leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, malignant histiocytosis, etc. There is currently no unified nomenclature and classification for malignant tumors of the hematopoietic system. According to the cell morphology, tissue and biochemistry as well as clinical manifestations, it can be divided into: leukemia, lymphoma, immunoglobulin-secreting tumor, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, idiopathic myelofibrosis, and malignant histiocytosis.

The cause of malignant blood diseases has not yet been clearly identified. We can only know some possible causative factors, such as physical factors (ionizing radiation), chemical factors (benzene, myleran, cyclophosphamide, chloramphenicol, hexachloride, butazone, etc.) and genetic factors. The degree of malignancy of hematopoietic system malignancies varies greatly. Some malignant cells proliferate for only a few days (such as acute leukemia); some may not progress significantly for several years (such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia).